Introduction
The Hualien Earthquake, which occurred on April 3, 2024, was a significant seismic event that struck Taiwan, causing widespread damage and loss of life. This article provides a detailed overview of the earthquake, including its magnitude, impact, and the tectonic setting that led to this disaster.
Tectonic Setting
Taiwan is located in a complex zone of convergence between the Philippine Sea Plate and the Eurasian Plate. These plates converge at a rate of 75 millimeters per year, creating a high-risk environment for earthquakes. The island’s unique tectonic setting, with the oceanic crust of the Eurasian Plate subducting beneath the Philippine Sea Plate, contributes to its seismic activity.
Earthquake Details
Magnitude and Epicenter
The Hualien Earthquake had a magnitude of Mw 7.4, with its epicenter located 15 kilometers south of Hualien City, Hualien County, Taiwan. The earthquake occurred at a depth of 40 kilometers.
Impact
The earthquake resulted in significant damage and casualties. At least 18 people were killed, and over 1,100 were injured. The quake also caused extensive damage to infrastructure and agriculture, with estimated losses of US$2.53 million.
Aftershocks
Following the main earthquake, there were numerous aftershocks, including several above Mw 6.0. These aftershocks continued to affect the region, causing additional damage and disruptions.
Tsunami and Landslides
A tsunami with a wave height of 1 meter was triggered by the earthquake, affecting coastal areas. Additionally, 779 landslides were recorded, with a massive landslide occurring near Xiulin. The Suhua Highway was also affected by rockslides.
Recent Earthquake Activity
In recent days, Hualien has experienced additional seismic activity. On August 16, 2024, a magnitude 6.3 earthquake struck 34 kilometers off the eastern city of Hualien, with no immediate reports of damage. Another earthquake with a magnitude of 6.3447 occurred on August 16, 2024, 34.2 kilometers southeast of Hualien County Hall.
Summary of Recent Earthquakes
| No. | Largest Intensity | Details |
|---|---|---|
| 447 | M 6.3447 | 34.2 km SE of Hualien County Hall, 9.7 km depth |
| 450 | M 6.1 | 27.7 km S of Hualien County Hall, 8.1 km depth |
Conclusion
The Hualien Earthquake of April 3, 2024, was a devastating event that highlighted the seismic risks faced by Taiwan. Understanding the tectonic setting and recent earthquake activity is crucial for disaster preparedness and mitigation efforts in this region.
